Working with light and genetically
engineered bacteria, researchers from Stanford University are able to shape the
growth of bacterial communities. From polka dots to stripes to circuits, they
can render intricate designs overnight. The new method is called biofilm
lithography.
The technique relies on E. coli bacteria
they have genetically engineered to secrete a sticky protein in response to a
particular wavelength of blue light. When they shine the appropriate wavelength
light in the desired pattern on a culture dish of modified bacteria, the
bacteria stick to the lit areas, forming a biofilm in the shape of the pattern.
The researchers call their technique biofilm lithography for its similarity to
lithography used in making electronic circuits.
Other techniques for patterning
bacterial communities exist, including depositing them with an inkjet printer
or pre-patterning the culture surface with chemicals that bias bacterial growth
in specific areas. However, biofilm lithography has the benefit of speed,
simplicity, higher resolution and compatibility with a variety of surface
environments including closed microfluidic devices.
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Posted by Dr. Tim Sandle