Heat or different biocidal products can be used to reduce microbial contamination in water. This includes strong oxidizing agents like chlorine dioxide and ozone. Historically, the introduction of chlorination to municipal water supplies led to a reduction in cholera and Salmonella (a process regularly in place, for the first time, in England from 1905) (1).
Chlorination can be applied to mains water and initial stages of water generation, for pharmaceuticals; however, it is generally not used thereafter with the preferred methods being ozone or heat. Chlorination is an important step for ensuring public drinking water and shared services, like swimming pools, remain suitable for human use.
This week’s article looks specifically at chlorine and its use as an antimicrobial agent in a water system.
See: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/chemical-control-chlorine-disinfection-water-tim-cibhe/?trackingId=63gnZL34S0GL3HpIRZ2EeQ%3D%3D
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Pharmaceutical Microbiology Resources