We
live with millions of microorganisms, and this coexistence comes as a mixed
blessing. Evolution drove bacteria to not only to survive in humans, but also
to protect us by supporting various physiological, metabolic, and immune
processes. On the other hand, research implicates bacteria in conditions
detrimental to health, like allergies, obesity, multiple sclerosis, and
recently rheumatoid arthritis.
Gut
bacteria may cause rheumatoid arthritis by attacking the immune system. Using
an animal model, scientists found that a bacterium, Prevotella copri, trains
the immune system to produce Th17 cells, which in turn release molecules that
cause inflammation and bone damage in arthritis. Significantly, Prevotella
copri was present in 75% of patients' intestines, as determined by fecal sample
testing.
Posted by Tim Sandle
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